NEET ChemistryUpdated 19 Oct 2026

p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14): NEET PYQs and weightage

p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) carries 2.7 of 100 Chemistry marks in NEET by past-paper share: 19 of the 707 tagged NEET Chemistry PYQs in the ViJEEta bank (NEET 2013–2026). It ranks 21 of 26 Chemistry chapters.

Take the 25-question p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) test Key facts ↓All NEET Chemistry chapters

2.7/100 Weight in Chemistry

Exam importance (3/5, by past-paper share)

19 NEET PYQs

250 Practice questions

135 With measured difficulty

How the weight is computed: this chapter's tagged NEET PYQs divided by all tagged NEET Chemistry PYQs in the bank (19 of 707), times 100, with repeated questions counted once. The bank does not store the year of each NEET question, so none is printed. Computed from the bank at build time. Updated 19 Oct 2026.

p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14): key facts for NEET

16 facts the paper keeps asking, each with how it is asked. Copy it onto one page of your notebook: that page is this chapter's handbook.

Highest oxidation state and inert pair effect
$Highest oxidation state = group number - 10$
Down groups 13–16, the state two lower gets more stable (inert pair effect).
Asked as: stability of $+ 1$ increases $Al < Ga < In < Tl$ ; $+ 2$ increases $Ge < Sn < Pb$ .
Anomalous first member
The first member differs from its group (small size, high electronegativity, no $d$ orbitals), so boron's maximum covalency is $4$ .
Asked as: which anion can boron NOT form? $[B F_{6}]^{3 -}$
Atomic radius of Ga < Al
$Ga$ ( $135 pm$ ) is smaller than $Al$ ( $143 pm$ ) because its $10$ extra $d$ -electrons shield the outer electrons poorly.
Asked as: reason for the atomic radius of $Ga < Al$ (poor screening by $d$ -electrons).
Group 13 ionisation enthalpy
Group 13 ionisation enthalpy does not fall smoothly (breaks at $Al \to Ga$ and $In \to Tl$ from $d$ and $f$ electrons): $B > Tl > Ga > Al > In$ .
Asked as: arrange $B$ , $Al$ , $Ga$ , $In$ , $Tl$ by first ionisation enthalpy.
Low melting point of gallium
Gallium melts at only $303 K$ , so it can be liquid in summer.
Asked as: which group 13 element has an unusually low melting point?
Nature of group 13 oxides
$B_{2} O_{3}$ is acidic, $A l_{2} O_{3}$ and $G a_{2} O_{3}$ are amphoteric, $I n_{2} O_{3}$ and $T l_{2} O_{3}$ are basic.
Asked as: which group 13 oxide is acidic? $B_{2} O_{3}$
Reactions of aluminium
$Al$ gives $H_{2}$ with both dilute $HCl$ and aqueous $NaOH$ (amphoteric), but conc. $HN O_{3}$ makes it passive through an oxide layer.
Asked as: why $Al$ resists corrosion / why conc. $HN O_{3}$ does not dissolve $Al$ .
Group 13 trihalides as Lewis acids
The monomeric group 13 trihalides are electron deficient, so they are strong Lewis acids; $Tl I_{3}$ is the exception and is not formed; $AlC l_{3}$ dimerises to $A l_{2} C l_{6}$ but boron halides do not.
Asked as: why $BC l_{3}$ is a Lewis acid / why boron halides do not dimerise.
Carbon-14
$^{14} C$ is radioactive with a half-life of $5770$ years and is used in radiocarbon dating (stable isotopes are $^{12} C$ and $^{13} C$ ).
Asked as: half-life or use of $^{14} C$ .
Stability of +2 in group 14
Stability of $+ 2$ rises $Ge < Sn < Pb$ (inert pair effect), so $Pb X_{2}$ is more stable than $Pb X_{4}$ , and $Pb I_{4}$ does not exist.
Asked as: which tetrahalide is not known? $Pb I_{4}$
Nature of group 14 oxides
$CO$ is neutral; $C O_{2}$ , $Si O_{2}$ , $Ge O_{2}$ are acidic; $Sn O_{2}$ , $Pb O_{2}$ , $SnO$ , $PbO$ are amphoteric; $GeO$ is acidic.
Asked as: pick the neutral oxide / the amphoteric dioxides of group 14.
Action of steam on Sn and Pb
Tin decomposes steam to give $Sn O_{2} + H_{2}$ , while lead is unaffected by water because of a protective oxide film.
Asked as: identify $X$ in $X + 2 H_{2} O (steam) \to X O_{2} + 2 H_{2}$ ( $Sn$ ).
Hydrolysis of tetrachlorides
All tetrachlorides except $CC l_{4}$ hydrolyse easily, because the central atom takes the lone pair from water's $O$ into its $d$ orbital.
Asked as: why $CC l_{4}$ is not hydrolysed but $SiC l_{4}$ is (no $d$ orbitals in $C$ ).
Catenation
Catenation: $C ≫ Si > Ge \approx Sn$ , and $Pb$ shows none; the $C - C$ bond is the strongest ( $348 kJ mo l^{- 1}$ ).
Asked as: element with maximum catenation / reason (strong $C - C$ bond).
Diamond and graphite
Diamond: $s p^{3}$ $C$ , tetrahedral 3-D network, $C - C$ $154 pm$ , hardest substance. Graphite: $s p^{2}$ layers held by van der Waals forces $340 pm$ apart, $C - C$ $141.5 pm$ , conducts along the sheet.
Asked as: hybridisation of $C$ in graphite / force between graphite layers.
Fullerene and most stable allotrope
Fullerene $C_{60}$ (buckminsterfullerene) has $20$ six-membered and $12$ five-membered rings, with all $C$ atoms $s p^{2}$ ; graphite is the thermodynamically most stable allotrope.
Asked as: number of 5- and 6-membered rings in $C_{60}$ / most stable allotrope of carbon.

Trap

The group oxidation state is NOT the most stable one for the heavy members. Because of the inert pair effect, Tl prefers +1 over +3 and Pb prefers +2 over +4.

How does NEET ask p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14)?

8 real previous-year questions from this chapter, as printed in the paper, each with its worked solution. Answer the first one here with no sign-in.

Q1ChemistryNEET UG PYQChemical Properties of Group 13 Elements

Try right here · No sign-in

Which one of the following elements is unable to form MF

_{6}

^{3 -}

Answer key (A) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option A

'B' has no vacant d-orbitals in its valence shell, so it can't extend its covalency beyond 4. i.e. 'B' cannot form the ion like

M F_{6}^{3 (-)}

i.e.

B F_{6}^{3 (-)}

Hence, the correct option is (1).

Q2ChemistryNEET UG PYQChemical Properties of Group 13 Elements

which of the following structure is similar to graphite?

ABN

_{4}

_{2}

_{6}

Answer key (A) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option A

The BN Structure is similar to graphite.

Q3ChemistryNEET UG PYQChemical Properties of Group 13 Elements

Which of the following is an amphoteric hydroxide ?

C a (O H)_{2}

M g (O H)_{2}

B e (O H)_{2}

S r (O H)_{2}

Answer key (C) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option C

Be(OH)

_{2}

amphoteric in nature, since it can react both with acid and base

B e (O H)_{2} + 2 H C l \to B e C l_{2} + 2 H_{2} O B e (O H)_{2} + 2 N a O H \to N a_{2} [B e (O H)_{4}]

Q4ChemistryNEET UG PYQChemical Properties of Group 14 Elements

Which of the following is not correct about carbon monoxide?

AThe carboxyhaemoglobin (haemoglobin bound to CO) is less stable than oxyhaemoglobin.

BIt is produced due to incomplete combustion.

CIt forms carboxyhaemoglobin.

DIt reduces oxygen carrying ability of blood.

Answer key (A) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option A

CO when combine with haemoglobin it forms carboxyhaemoglobin which more stable than oxyhaemoglobin thats why it reduces oxygen carring ability of blood.

Q5ChemistryNEET UG PYQChemical Properties of Group 14 Elements

Which of the following species is not stable?

[G e C l_{6}]^{2 -}

[S n (O H)_{6}]^{2 -}

[S i C l_{6}]^{2 -}

[S i F_{6}]^{2 -}

Answer key (C) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option C

*Due to presence of d-orbital in Si, Ge and Sn they form species like

S i F_{6}^{2 -}, [G e C l_{6}]^{2 -}, [S n (O H)_{6}]^{2 -}

S i C l_{6}^{2 -}

does not exist because six large chloride ions cannot be accommodated around

S i^{4 +}

due to limitation of its size.

Q6ChemistryNEET UG PYQIntroduction to P-Block Elements

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R : Assertion A : Metallic sodium dissolves in liquid ammonia giving a deep blue solution, which is paramagnetic. Reason R : The deep blue solution is due to the formation of amide. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

ABoth A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

BA is true but R is false

CA is false but R is true

DBoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Answer key (B) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option B

Assertion is correct because all Alkali metals gives deep blue solution by giving electrons. Reason : is incorrect because deep blue solution appears due to the presence of ammoniated electron or solvated electrons.

Q7ChemistryNEET UG PYQChemical Properties of Group 14 Elements

Which of the following is incorrect statement?

ASiCl

_{4}

is easily hydrolysed

BGeX

_{4}

(X = F, Cl, Br, I) is more stable than GeX

_{2}

CSnF

_{4}

is ionic in nature

DPbF

_{4}

is covalent in nature

Answer key (D) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option D

PbF

_{4}

and SnF

_{4}

are ionic in nature

Q8ChemistryNEET UG PYQChemical Properties of Group 14 Elements

The basis structural unit of silicates is

ASiO

^{-}

S i O_{4}^{4 -}

S i O_{3}^{2 -}

S i O_{4}^{2 -}

Answer key (B) & worked solution

Correct answer: Option B

The basic structural unit of silicates is

S i O_{4}^{4 -}

Which topics in p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) carry the most questions?

All 7 topics, by tagged PYQs, then practice questions. Counted from the bank. Updated 19 Oct 2026.

Topic	PYQs	Practice questions
Chemical Properties of Group 14 Elements	8	68
Chemical Properties of Group 13 Elements	6	112
Inert Pair Effect	2	12
Introduction to P-Block Elements	2	3
Physical Properties of Group 14 Elements	1	22
Physical Properties of Group 13 Elements	0	28
Miscellaneous Examples	0	5

Why does p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) show "–" until you answer 3 questions?

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Start the p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) test

Chapters either side of p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) by weight

Chemical Equilibrium Weight 2.8/100 Redox Reactions Weight 2.7/100 Practical Chemistry Weight 2.5/100 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Weight 2.4/100

p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14): NEET PYQs and weightage

p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14): key facts for NEET

Highest oxidation state and inert pair effect

Anomalous first member

Atomic radius of Ga < Al

Group 13 ionisation enthalpy

Low melting point of gallium

Nature of group 13 oxides

Reactions of aluminium

Group 13 trihalides as Lewis acids

Carbon-14

Stability of +2 in group 14

Nature of group 14 oxides

Action of steam on Sn and Pb

Hydrolysis of tetrachlorides

Catenation

Diamond and graphite

Fullerene and most stable allotrope

How does NEET ask p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14)?

Which topics in p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) carry the most questions?

Why does p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) show "–" until you answer 3 questions?

What happens when you test p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14)?

Chapters either side of p-Block Elements (Group 13 and 14) by weight