Biomolecules carries 4.1 of 100 Chemistry marks in NEET by past-paper share: 29 of the 707 tagged NEET Chemistry PYQs in the ViJEEta bank (NEET 2013–2026). It ranks 11 of 26 Chemistry chapters.
How the weight is computed: this chapter's tagged NEET PYQs divided by all tagged NEET Chemistry PYQs in the bank (29 of 707), times 100, with repeated questions counted once. The bank does not store the year of each NEET question, so none is printed. Computed from the bank at build time. Updated 19 Oct 2026.
16 facts the paper keeps asking, each with how it is asked. Copy it onto one page of your notebook: that page is this chapter's handbook.
Tissue ground in trichloroacetic acid and strained gives a filtrate (acid-soluble pool) and a retentate (acid-insoluble fraction).
Asked as: Which fraction holds proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides? (acid-insoluble)
Amino acids are -amino acids (substituted methanes) with 4 groups on the -carbon: , , and ; only 20 types occur in proteins.
Asked as: Match the group to the amino acid: = glycine, methyl = alanine, hydroxymethyl = serine
Acidic: glutamic acid; basic: lysine; neutral: valine; aromatic: tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan.
Asked as: Pick the aromatic amino acid, or the odd one out, from a list
Palmitic acid has 16 C and arachidonic acid has 20 C (counting the carboxyl carbon); glycerol is trihydroxy propane; lecithin is a membrane phospholipid.
Asked as: How many carbons does palmitic acid have? (16)
A base joined to a sugar is a nucleoside (adenosine, uridine); adding a phosphate makes a nucleotide (adenylic acid, uridylic acid).
Asked as: Which of these is a nucleotide and not a nucleoside?
Secondary metabolites: alkaloids (morphine, codeine), toxins (abrin, ricin), lectin (concanavalin A), drugs (vinblastin, curcumin), pigments (carotenoids, anthocyanins).
Asked as: Match each secondary metabolite with its category
Acid-soluble compounds weigh 18 to 800 Da; macromolecules weigh 10,000 Da and above; lipids ( Da) separate as acid-insoluble only because membranes break into vesicles.
Asked as: Assertion–reason: lipids are found in the macromolecular fraction but are not strictly macromolecules
Water is the most abundant chemical in cells (70–90%), followed by proteins (10–15%).
Asked as: Arrange cell components in order of their % of total cellular mass
Proteins are heteropolymers; collagen is the most abundant protein in animals and RuBisCO the most abundant in the biosphere; GLUT-4 enables glucose transport into cells.
Asked as: Match the protein to its function (trypsin = enzyme, insulin = hormone, collagen = intercellular ground substance)
Cellulose is a homopolymer of glucose; inulin is a polymer of fructose; starch's helix holds (blue colour) but cellulose's does not; chitin forms arthropod exoskeletons.
Asked as: Why does starch give a blue colour with iodine while cellulose does not?
Adenine and guanine are purines; cytosine, uracil and thymine are pyrimidines; DNA has 2′-deoxyribose and RNA has ribose.
Asked as: Identify the purine pair, or the sugar found in DNA
Primary structure is the amino acid sequence (N-terminal first, C-terminal last); proteins have only right-handed helices; tertiary structure is essential for activity; Hb has subunits (quaternary).
Asked as: Adult haemoglobin shows which level of structure? (quaternary)
Almost all enzymes are proteins, but ribozymes are catalytic nucleic acids; carbonic anhydrase raises formation from 200 per hour to 600,000 per second (10 million times faster).
Asked as: Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering what? (activation energy)
In competitive inhibition, malonate resembles succinate and so inhibits succinic dehydrogenase.
Asked as: Malonate is an example of which kind of inhibitor?
Enzymes fall into 6 classes: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases (remove groups and leave double bonds), isomerases, ligases.
Asked as: Which enzyme class removes groups without hydrolysis and leaves double bonds? (lyases)
Cofactors: haem is the prosthetic group of peroxidase and catalase; NAD/NADP coenzymes contain niacin; zinc is the cofactor of carboxypeptidase.
Asked as: Match each enzyme with its cofactor or prosthetic group
Adenosine, guanosine, uridine, cytidine and thymidine are nucleosides (base + sugar). Only adenylic, guanylic, uridylic, cytidylic and thymidylic acids are nucleotides (they also carry a phosphate).
8 real previous-year questions from this chapter, as printed in the paper, each with its worked solution. Answer the first one here with no sign-in.
Correct answer: Option D
Correct answer: Option A
Correct answer: Option A
Correct answer: Option A
Correct answer: Option B
Correct answer: Option C
Correct answer: Option A
Correct answer: Option A
All 9 topics, by tagged PYQs, then practice questions. Counted from the bank. Updated 19 Oct 2026.
| Topic | PYQs | Practice questions |
|---|---|---|
| Hormones | 6 | 0 |
| Carbohydrates | 5 | 180 |
| Amino Acids | 4 | 32 |
| Enzymes | 4 | 6 |
| Miscellaneous Examples | 3 | 20 |
| Introduction to Biomolecules | 3 | 11 |
| Nucleic Acids | 2 | 10 |
| Proteins | 1 | 12 |
| Vitamins | 1 | 7 |
Unknown is not zero. Until you answer at least 3 graded questions in Biomolecules, ViJEEta shows – instead of a zero or a 50% default. Book exercises can raise chapter mastery up to 0.60, adaptive practice up to 0.75, and only a timed chapter test or mock can certify 0.80 and above.
Every chapter test is 25 questions. It starts at moderate difficulty and adapts after each saved answer. If you open a solution before answering, that attempt earns no credit, so your mastery stays honest.
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